What Is the Difference Between Light and Heavy Hydrocarbons?

Petroleum derivatives are divided into light, medium and heavy fractions according to boiling range and molecular weight. The main difference between light and heavy hydrocarbons lies in carbon-chain length, density and boiling point.

Light Hydrocarbon

Short carbon chains, low density, high volatility and a low boiling point (below 200 °C). Mainly used as a solvent and petrochemical feedstock.

Heavy Hydrocarbon

Long carbon chains, high density and viscosity, and a boiling point above 350 °C. Used to produce fuel oil, bitumen and lubricants.

• Light: volatile, solvent, base for paints and thinners
• Heavy: viscous, industrial fuel, bitumen and oil